Nā mea kanu kūlohelohe CAS 51-34-3 Scopolamine

Scopolamine(hyoscine) loaʻa i nā lālā like ʻole o ka Solanaceae (e laʻa, H. niger, Duboisia myoporoides, Scopolia spp., a me Datura metel).Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Scopolamine mai ka waiʻona makuahine i koe mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka hyoscyamine.

ʻO Hyoscine ka inoa kahiko no kēia alkaloid, ʻoiai ʻo scopolamine ka inoa i ʻae ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO Scopolamine ka mea levo o ka hui racemic i kapa ʻia ʻo atroscine.Hoʻopili koke ʻia ka alkaloid ma ke alo o ka alkali dilute.

Loaʻa ka alkaloid ma ke ʻano o ka levorotatory, viscousliquid i hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka waiʻona, chloroform, a i ʻole etera.Hoʻokumu ia i nā paʻakai crystalline me ka nui o nā waikawa, me ka hydrobromide ka mea paʻa loa a me ka mea kaulana loa.ʻO ka wai wai o ka hydrobromide i loaʻa ka 10% mannitol i ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka palaho ma mua o nā hopena pale ʻole.

Pharmacology

ʻO Scopolamine butylbromide, kahi scopolamine i hoʻololi ʻia, he lāʻau anti-choline peripheral;ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe wale i ka ʻiʻo spasm akā ke kāohi pū i ka ganglion a me ka hui neuromuscular a loaʻa ka hopena nāwaliwali ma ke kikowaena.ʻOi aku ka ikaika o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka ʻiʻo maʻemaʻe o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka atropine a me ka anisodamine;Hiki iā ia ke hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, biliary tract, a me ka mimi ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maʻemaʻe spasm a keʻakeʻa i kona peristalsis.

He liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka Scopolamine butylbromide ma ka puʻuwai, ka haumāna, a me ka salivary gland, no laila ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoulu i ka hauʻoli waena, ka dilation, inhibition of saliva secretion, a me nā hopena ʻino ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole like me ka atropine.

ʻO Scopolamine butylbromide kahi mea kū'ē i ka M cholinergic receptor, ua like kona hopena pharmacological me ka atropine, akā aia kona mau hiʻohiʻona ponoʻī i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke koko microcirculation.