Human Choroinic Gonadotrophin HCG CAS:9002-61-3

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the placental endodermal cells. Its main function is to stimulate the corpus luteum, which is conducive to the continuous secretion of estrogen and progesterone, so as to promote the formation of decidual uterus and make the placenta grow and mature. As soon as the embryo is implanted, the blastoderm cells begin to secrete hCG, so pregnancy can be determined by hCG levels in the blood or urine.

It was composed of 244 amino acid residues, with a molecular weight of 36.7kDa and a size of 7.5×3.5×3 nm. It is a heterodimer with the same α subunit as luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and thyrotropin (TSH), but different β subunit. The α subunit contained 92 amino acid residues, and the β subunit contained 145 amino acid residues.

hCG synthesis in women is significantly increased after conception, and the presence of hCG in plasma and urine is one of the earliest signals of pregnancy and is used for pregnancy testing.

（1) It has the function of FSH and LH to maintain the life span of menstrual corpus luteum and make menstrual corpus luteum become gestational corpus luteum;

(2) Promote the aromatization of androgens into estrogen, and stimulate the formation of progesterone;

(3) Inhibiting the stimulation effect of plant lectin on lymphocytes, human chorionic gonadotropin can be adsorbed on the surface of trophoblast cells, so as to avoid the attack of embryonic trophoblast cells by maternal lymphocytes;

(4) LH function, before the fetal pituitary secretes LH, stimulates the fetal testis to secrete testosterone to promote male sexual differentiation; Can also promote gonadal development, male can stimulate the vitality of testis mesenchymal cells, increase the secretion of male hormone (testosterone). It is of great significance for the treatment of male patients with pituitary joint defects, which can not only promote gonad development and male hormone secretion, but also promote the development of secondary sex characteristics.

(5) It can bind to the TSH receptor of maternal thyroid cells and stimulate thyroid activity.