Etonitat hamwe na opioid agonist benzimidazole yavumbuwe mu mpera za 1950 nitsinda ryabashakashatsi bo mubusuwisi bakorera muri societe yimiti CIBA (ubu ni Novartis).Kimwe mu bintu bya mbere byakozwe n’itsinda ry’Ubusuwisi ni 1- (beta-diethylaminoethyl) -2-benzyl benzimidazole, wasangaga ifite 10% by’ibikorwa byo gusesengura morphine muri bioassometrie.Ubu bushakashatsi bwashishikarije itsinda gutangira ubushakashatsi bwuzuye kuri 2-benzyl benzimidazole no gushyiraho umubano w’ibikorwa-bikorwa kuri uyu muryango mushya w’imiti ibabaza.Uburyo bubiri rusange bwoguhindura uburyo bwo gutegura ibyo bikoresho.

Uburyo bwa mbere burimo guhuza o-fenylenediamine hamwe na fenylacetonitrile kugirango bibe 2-benzylbenzimidazole.Benzimidazole noneho ihujwe na 1-chloro-2-dialkyl aminoethane yifuza gukora ibicuruzwa byanyuma.Ubu buryo bwihariye ni ingirakamaro cyane mugutegura benzimidazole idafite insimburangingo ku mpeta ya benzene

Synthesis rusange muri rusange [4] yakozwe nitsinda ryabasuwisi yabanje kubamo alkylation ya 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene hamwe na 1-amino-2-diethylaminoethane kugirango ibe N- (β-diethylaminoethyl) -2, 4-dinitroaniline [aka: N ' - (2, 4-dinitrophenyl) -n, n-diethyl-ethane-1, 2-diamine].2-nitro isimburanya kuri 2, 4-dinitroaniline ivanze noneho igahitamo kugabanuka kuri amine yibanze ikoresheje ammonium sulfide nkigabanya.Ammonium sulfide irashobora gukora hydrogène sulfide ya gaz mu mwanya wongeyeho hydroxide ya amonium yibanze kandi ikuzuza igisubizo.Hagati yakozwe no kugabanya guhitamo 2-nitro-insimburangingo 2- (β-diethylaminoethyl aminoethyl) -5-nitroaniline, hanyuma igakora hamwe na iminoethyl ether hydrochloride ya 4-ethoxy phenylacetonitrile (aka: p-ethoxy benzyl cyanide).Iminoether, 2 -Igisubizo hagati ya 2- (beta-dialkyl aminoalkyl amine) -5-nitroaniline na hydrochloride ya iminoethyl ether bivamo gushiraho etonitrazine.Inzira irakwiriye cyane cyane gutegura 4-, 5-, 6- na 7-nitrobenzimidazole.Guhitamo iminoethers yasimbuwe ya acide ya fenylacetike irashobora gutanga ibice hamwe ninsimburangingo nyinshi kuri benzene 2-site

Ibigereranyo byinshi birazwi, ikindi kintu cyonyine cyagaragaye gikomoka mubushakashatsi bwambere muri 1950 ni clonitacetone, ifite intege nke cyane kuruta etonissini (inshuro zigera kuri 3 morphine).Vuba aha, kuva ahagana mu mpera za 2018, ibishushanyo mbonera byinshi byatangiye kugaragara ku isoko ritemewe ku isi, hamwe n’ibintu bigaragara cyane ni metronidazole, isonidazole na ettazine, ariko ibindi bikomeje kugaragara